Gramática: Pasado Simple del Verbo "to be" y Verbos Regulares e Irregulares Comunes
El pasado simple se utiliza para hablar de acciones que comenzaron y terminaron en el pasado. Hoy aprenderemos sobre el pasado simple del verbo "to be" y algunos verbos regulares e irregulares comunes.
Pasado Simple del Verbo "to be"
El verbo "to be" tiene dos formas en el pasado simple:
- Was: se usa con I, he, she, it.
- Were: se usa con you, we, they.
Ejemplos:
- I was happy yesterday. (Yo estaba feliz ayer.)
- She was at home last night. (Ella estuvo en casa anoche.)
- They were tired after the game. (Ellos estaban cansados después del partido.)
- You were a great student. (Tú fuiste un gran estudiante.)
Forma Negativa:
- I was not / wasn't sad. (Yo no estaba triste.)
- She was not / wasn't late. (Ella no llegó tarde.)
- They were not / weren't at the party. (Ellos no estuvieron en la fiesta.)
- You were not / weren't angry. (Tú no estabas enojado.)
Forma Interrogativa:
- Was I right? (¿Tenía razón?)
- Was she busy? (¿Estaba ella ocupada?)
- Were they happy? (¿Estaban ellos felices?)
- Were you there? (¿Estabas tú allí?)
Verbos Regulares
La mayoría de los verbos forman el pasado simple añadiendo -ed al final del verbo en su forma base.
| Verbo Base | Pasado Simple | Español |
|---|---|---|
| Play | Played | Jugar |
| Walk | Walked | Caminar |
| Listen | Listened | Escuchar |
| Watch | Watched | Ver / Observar |
| Study | Studied | Estudiar |
| Help | Helped | Ayudar |
| Talk | Talked | Hablar |
| Cook | Cooked | Cocinar |
| Clean | Cleaned | Limpiar |
| Arrive | Arrived | Llegar |
Verbos Irregulares Comunes
Los verbos irregulares tienen formas especiales en el pasado simple que no siguen la regla de añadir -ed. Es importante memorizar estas formas.
| Verbo Base | Pasado Simple | Español |
|---|---|---|
| Go | Went | Ir |
| Eat | Ate | Comer |
| Drink | Drank | Beber |
| See | Saw | Ver |
| Have | Had | Tener |
| Make | Made | Hacer |
| Come | Came | Venir |
| Take | Took | Tomar / Coger |
| Give | Gave | Dar |
| Say | Said | Decir |
Usando el Pasado Simple en Oraciones
- I was at the cinema yesterday.
- She played the piano last night.
- They went to Italy last summer.
- He watched a football match on TV.
- We ate pizza for dinner.
Expresiones de Tiempo Comunes con el Pasado Simple
- Yesterday (Ayer)
- Last week / month / year (La semana / el mes / el año pasado)
- [Number] days / weeks / months / years ago (Hace [Número] días / semanas / meses / años)
- In [Year] (En [Año])
Ejemplos:
- I visited my grandparents last week.
- He started his new job three months ago.
- They were in Paris in 2010.
Ejercicio 1: Completa las siguientes oraciones con la forma correcta del pasado simple del verbo entre paréntesis.
- I ______ (be) very tired yesterday.
- She ______ (watch) a movie last night.
- They ______ (go) to the beach last weekend.
- He ______ (play) basketball with his friends.
- We ______ (eat) at a new restaurant.
Ejercicio 2: Une el verbo en su forma base con su forma en pasado simple.
| Verbo Base | Pasado Simple |
|---|---|
| 1. Go | a) Played |
| 2. Play | b) Saw |
| 3. See | c) Was / Were |
| 4. Be | d) Ate |
| 5. Eat | e) Went |
Respuestas: 1-__, 2-__, 3-__, 4-__, 5-__
Ejercicio 3: Escribe las siguientes oraciones en pasado simple.
- I walk to school every day. -> I ______ to school ______.
- She listens to music in her free time. -> She ______ to music in her free time.
- They have a big party last Saturday. -> They ______ a big party last Saturday.
- He drinks coffee in the morning. -> He ______ coffee this morning.
- We watch TV in the evening. -> We ______ TV last evening.
Ejercicio 4: Escribe tres oraciones sobre cosas que hiciste ayer usando el pasado simple.
- _________________________
- _________________________
- _________________________
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